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The Art Of Power Washingby: Henry Bockman
Since the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) started banning the use of pressure treated wood due to chromated copper arsenate (CCA), most people have decided to seal their wood decks as the EPA suggests to prevent the arsenic from leaching into the soil. Most homeowners use local companies to pressure wash their decks and siding to save valuable time and the expense of rental equipment, while some still prefer to do the job themselves on a hot summer day. If you decide to hire a contractor to perform the work for you, there are a lot of important questions you need to ask before you should allow them to work on your home. First, make sure the company you're hiring has the experience and the right equipment to perform the job properly, using more than 1,000 PSI or less than 4gpm can cause damage to wood.
In Maryland, contractors are required to have a Maryland Home Improvement License (MHIC) for sealing decks or any repairs and it must be listed in all advertising and on all vehicles. Make sure that any contractor you hire has a copy of this license and a long history of performing work in the area. Make sure to check them out with The Better Business Bureau also. Another way to protect yourself is to use a company with certifications and affiliations in their industry like The Power Washers of North America. The PWNA is the recognized leader in developing and communicating the highest standards in ethical business practices, environmental awareness, and safety through continuing education and active representation of the membership. PWNA educated and trained contractors raise the level of professionalism and value to their customers. For information about the PWNA, see their website at
Unfortunately, many homeowners have tried using an unlicensed or inexperienced contractor offering a lower price, in some cases this may end up with the job uncompleted or worse, done improperly causing thousands of dollars in damage. It could cost a lot of time and money to find the right contractor for you but it could cost far more to hire a company without the proper experience or to do the job yourself.
For example, most people don't know that using household bleach to remove the mold and mildew from your deck will actually damage the lignin fibers of the wood,or that too much pressure can also damage the woods surface and cause it to splinter or fur.
Too many companies have decided they could tackle it without the proper training and with most machines putting out an average of 3,000 PSI it can be dangerous to the operator and your property as well.
Properly learning the techniques for cleaning wood takes time, training and a long-term investment, each deck or house is different and they all require special attention.p
First you have to find out if there is an existing sealer or stain on the deck and how to remove it properly.
Very similar to painting, deck sealers and preservatives won't properly adhere to a wood surface that has an existing sealer on it.This product must be removed from the deck using a stripping agent and you must take steps to ensure that the stripping agent will not harm the plants or siding on the home.
Most deck stripping agents have a sodium hydroxide base that will remove the existing sealer or stain and then be washed off with a pressure washer using a maximum of 1,000 PSI.
When using a pressure washer you must clean with the grain of the wood the entire length of the board. By varying your distance from the wood or not going with the grain you may cause marks and discolorations to appear in the surface. If done carefully and properly, this will leave you with a clean surface for the next step.
Now that you have used a deck stripper to remove the last sealer, the surface must be neutralized so the sealer will absorb and adhere to the wood. Wood and other surfaces can be neutralized using citric or oxalic acid to bring them to a neutral Ph level, Oxalic acid will also remove tannin or leaf stains and those iron or rust stains from rusting furniture. Let the acid sit for 20 minutes then thoroughly rinse and allow the deck to dry for 48 hours.
Now your wood surface is ready to be sealed and there are many other options to consider. The various sealers can be confusing to some but it's important to use a product that has ultraviolet protection from the suns rays. Most sealers have some UV protection, various oils to moisturize the wood and mildew prevention to fight the growth of mildew and mold. The best UV protection can be found in sealers that contain a pigment or stain, almost all of these products form a film on the woods surface that may wear off with foot traffic or pets, they are semi-transparent allowing the woods natural grain to show while adding a tint of color to the surface. They will also help blend the over all color of the wood if some of your lumber has a different shade than others.
You can also use products with solid colors, which don't allow the natural wood grain to show through and in most cases they usually appear to be painted when completed.
Next there are preservative-based deck sealers. These products come in clear and different stain colors and tend to last the longest because they actually penetrate into the wood.This allows the oils in the sealer to keep the wood from dry rotting, cracking, and also blocks the suns harmful effects. These preservative sealers will hold up twice as long as the surface film forming agents and they will extend the life of the wood if maintained properly.
Before applying any sealers make sure the surface has properly dried, mask off everything around the deck area to prevent the sealer from getting on it. Make sure you follow the manufactures directions when applying.
Henry Bockman
President, Henry's Housework Inc.
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